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British African Caribbean (or Afro-Caribbean) people are residents of the United Kingdom who are of West Indian background and whose ancestors were primarily indigenous to Africa. As immigration to the United Kingdom from Africa increased in the 1990s, the term has sometimes been used to include UK residents solely of African origin, or as a term to define all Black British residents, though the phrase "African ''and'' Caribbean" has more often been used to cover such a broader grouping. The most common and traditional use of the term African-Caribbean community is in reference to groups of residents' continuing aspects of Caribbean culture, customs and traditions in the United Kingdom. A majority of the African-Caribbean population in the UK is of Jamaican origin; other notable representation is from Trinidad and Tobago, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Barbados, Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Lucia, Dominica, Montserrat, Anguilla, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Guyana (which although located on the South American mainland is culturally similar to the Caribbean and was historically considered to be part of the British West Indies), and Belize. African-Caribbean people are present throughout the United Kingdom with by far the largest concentrations in London and Birmingham.〔(Assessment for Afro-Caribbean people in the United Kingdom ) Minorities at Risk (MAR) Project. University of Maryland. 2004. Accessed ''6 October 2006''〕 Significant communities also exist in other population centres, notably Manchester, Bradford, Nottingham, Coventry, Luton, High Wycombe, Leicester, Bristol, Gloucester, Leeds, Huddersfield, Sheffield, Liverpool and Cardiff. In these cities, the community is traditionally associated with a particular area, such as Brixton, Harlesden, Stonebridge, Dalston, Sutton, Lewisham, Tottenham, Peckham in London, West Bowling and Heaton in Bradford, Chapeltown in Leeds,〔(Awareness of African-Caribbean Culture ) Leeds. Local Heritage Initiative website. "277 Chapeltown Road was, as Melody Walker writes, resurrected from the ruins of urban decay by Jamaicans in the area to become a little piece of Jamaica on British soil." Accessed 14 November 2006.〕 St. Pauls in Bristol,〔(Yahoo Travel ) Bristol. "St Paul's is home to the magnificent St Paul's Carnival, an annual street-party of enormous popularity and nation acclaim, which celebrates the African and Caribbean community here." Retrieved 14 November 2006.〕 or Handsworth and Aston in Birmingham or Moss Side in Manchester. According to the 2011 census, the largest number of African-Caribbean people are found in Croydon, south London. British African-Caribbean people have an extremely high rate of mixed-race relationships, which, combined with lowered birth rates and a small population in their homelands, could make them become in effect the first UK ethnic group to "disappear". Half of all British African-Caribbean men in a relationship have partners of a different ethnic background,〔 as do one-third of all British African-Caribbean women. ==Terminology== A glossary published in the ''Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health'' with the intention of stimulating debate about the development of better and more internationally applicable terms to describe ethnicity and race, suggests a definition of Afro-Caribbean/African Caribbean as, "A person of African ancestral origins whose family settled in the Caribbean before emigrating and who self identifies, or is identified, as Afro-Caribbean (in terms of racial classifications, this population approximates to the group known as Negroid or similar terms)". A survey of the use of terms to describe people of African descent in medical research notes that: "The term African Caribbean/Afro-Caribbean when used in Europe and North America usually refers to people with African ancestral origins who migrated via the Caribbean islands". It suggests that use of the term in the UK is inconsistent, with some researchers using it to describe people of Black and of Caribbean descent, whereas others use it to refer to those of either West African or Caribbean background. The British Sociological Association's guidelines on ethnicity and race state that "African-Caribbean has replaced the term Afro-Caribbean to refer to Caribbean peoples and those of Caribbean origin who are of African descent. There is now a view that the term should not be hyphenated and that indeed, the differences between such groups mean the people of African and Caribbean origins should be referred to separately". ''The Guardian'' and ''Observer'' style guide prescribes the use of "African-Caribbean" for use in the two newspapers, specifically noting "not Afro-Caribbean". Sociologist Peter J. Aspinall argues that the term 'Black' has been reclaimed by people of African and Caribbean origin in the UK, noting that in a 1992 health survey, 17 per cent of 722 African–Caribbeans surveyed, including 36 percent of those aged 16 to 29, described themselves as 'Black British'. This, he suggests, "appears to be a pragmatic and spontaneous (rather than politically-led) response to the wish to describe an allegiance to a 'British' identity and the diminishing importance of ties with a homeland in the Caribbean". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「British African-Caribbean people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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